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AI Builders 日报 — 8月23日

追踪 AI 领域真正在做事的人,而不是空谈者。

今日思考

开源模型正在以惊人速度抢占 token 市场份额。Vercel 数据显示,开源 AI 在两个月内从 28% 升至 62%。这意味着 AI 基础设施需求比表面看起来增长得更快——无论是开源还是闭源,推理算力消耗并无本质差别。对于 AI 公司而言,模型层的利润空间正在被压缩,但算力层的需求是真实且持续的。


观点与判断

Guillermo Rauch (Vercel CEO)

  • 智能正在变得越来越便宜 OpenAI Sol 模型降价加上 Vercel AI Gateway 的折扣,使 Sol 成为增长最快的前沿模型。这说明智能需求具有高度弹性:推理成本下降,使用量就会快速增长。如果不用网关,就错失了价格波动带来的成本优化机会。AI 网关是必然趋势。faviconx.com

  • 扩展 fx 的哲学:开放协议 Vercel 的 fx 扩展哲学依赖三个开放协议:MCP(modelcontextprotocol.io)、Skills(agentskills.io)、Plugins(agent-plugins.org)。以及最优雅的方案——Unix 哲学:小而专一的程序通过调用其他程序来实现组合;libfx 实现可嵌入性,让开发者能构建自己的 CLI、后台 agent、软件工厂。faviconx.com

  • 美国和阿根廷是自由度最高且地理最优越的两个国家 AI 可以做很多事、实现很多愿望,但地球只有一个,加州只有一个,巴塔哥尼亚只有一个。看好美国和阿根廷的长期价值。faviconx.com

Peter Yang (podcast host/AI researcher)

  • AI 评估有两种方法:自上而下和自下而上 自上而下评估是:假设在真空环境中,仅凭任务描述,你能提出什么方案?Claude 在这方面表现很好。自下而上评估是:当你观察大量样本输出时,你的直觉反馈是什么,需要被外部化为评估标准?Claude 在自下而上评估方面非常薄弱,这需要人类来完成。faviconx.com

Yann LeCun (Meta Chief AI Scientist)

  • 开源 AI 正在抢占闭源模型的市场份额 Gavin Baker 分享的数据显示,开源 AI 在 Vercel 上的 token 份额在两个月内从 28% 升至 62%,而 OpenAI 和 Anthropic 的总量也在加速增长。开源 AI 抢占市场份额对 AI 基础设施需求是积极的,因为它压低了模型层利润,而开源 token 的推理算力消耗与前沿 token 一样昂贵。长期来看,闭源前沿 token 可能只占经济价值的 60-90%,但只占 token 数量的 15-25%。faviconx.com

  • VLM 和 World Models 是不同概念,不应混用 VLM 是 LLM 的多模态扩展,训练任务如视觉问答,捕捉的是静态场景语义,没有动力学特性。World Models 则是动力学模型,源于控制理论(Bellman、Kalman 等,1960年代),天然适合机器人规划:给定状态 s,执行什么动作 a 能到达状态 s'。今天我们用神经网络从时序数据中学习这些模型,但概念本质相同。不应将这两个概念混淆。faviconx.com

X / Twitter

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ylecun
ylecun @ylecun
Retweeted
Le Lobby de Montréal 🏴 Le Lobby de Montréal 🏴
Ce que Washington réclamait du Canada.
À LA TABLE
▪ Abandon des politiques de découvrabilité des œuvres en français;
▪ Modification des subventions à la culture;
▪ Assouplissement des règles d'étiquetage en français;
▪ Retrait de tous les contre-tarifs canadiens;
▪ Retour de l'alcool américain dans les succursales provinciales;
▪ Fin des politiques d'achat canadien (Ontario, Québec et C.-B. nommément visés);
▪ Interprétation américaine de l'allocation des quotas laitiers;
▪ Acier: quota de 4 M de tonnes, 25 % à l'intérieur, 50 % au-delà, contre-tarifs retirés;
▪ Auto: allègement limité aux voitures particulières, camionnettes et poids lourds exclus;
▪ Restriction de la capacité du Canada à conclure d'autres accords commerciaux.
AU RAPPORT DE L'USTR (31 mars 2026)
▪ La loi 109 du Québec, sur la mise en valeur du contenu francophone;
▪ La loi 96, inscrite depuis 2025;
▪ Loi sur la diffusion continue en ligne, Loi sur les nouvelles en ligne;
▪ Gestion de l'offre, composition du fromage, lait de classe 7;
▪ Loi sur les semences, stratégie zéro déchet plastique.
RAPPORTÉ PAR LE GLOBE AND MAIL (14 août)
▪ Droit de premier refus sur les minéraux critiques;
▪ Achat complet des 88 F-35, soit 88 G$;
▪ Avions radar américains et adhésion au Golden Dome;
▪ Garantie sur les exportations de pétrole et de gaz.
CE QU'OTTAWA AVAIT DÉJÀ CÉDÉ, SANS CONTREPARTIE
▪ Taxe sur les services numériques, abandonnée en juin 2025;
▪ Contre-tarifs, largement retirés le 1er septembre 2025;
▪ Taxe Netflix: contribution portée de 5 % à 15 %, puis annulée. 2 G$ de financement du contenu canadien évaporés, remplacés par 600 M$ du contribuable.
---
Sources:
https://www.nbcnews.com/business/economy/trump-canada-tariffs-carney-rcna593510
https://www.lesoleil.com/actualites/politique/2026/08/22/voici-pourquoi-le-canada-a-mis-fin-aux-negos-commerciales-QLLUWBJSNNB2DDQHR7RREIHH5A/
https://www.ledevoir.com/politique/1003421/etats-unis-ont-trop-demande-canada-retire-table-negociations
https://www.cbc.ca/news/politics/mark-carney-counter-tarrif-response-9.7316934
https://www.theglobeandmail.com/politics/article-canada-us-trade-deal-negotiations-tariff-deadline/
https://www.theglobeandmail.com/world/us-politics/article-five-things-canada-us-trade-deadline-talks-tariffs-trump/
https://www.theglobeandmail.com/world/us-politics/article-canada-and-us-discuss-critical-minerals-and-defence-in-trade-talks/
https://www.cp24.com/news/2026/04/01/the-top-10-trade-irritants-in-us-report-on-foreign-trade-barriers/
https://ici.radio-canada.ca/nouvelle/2272273/ottawa-obligation-financiere-diffuseurs-continu-crtc
https://www.ledevoir.com/politique/canada/985001/c-est-finalement-ottawa-payera-facture-netflix
https://lecollectif.ca/a-la-une/recul-dottawa-sur-la-taxe-netflix/
https://ici.radio-canada.ca/nouvelle/2272648/recul-ottawa-taxe-netflix-reactions
https://www.washingtonexaminer.com/news/world/4697366/carney-last-minute-issue-trade-negotiation/
ylecun
ylecun @ylecun
Retweeted
Don Winslow Don Winslow
"President Trump demands Canada change its French language, Quebec culture and Canadian identity as a condition for reversing tariffs. This is no longer about a trade deal-it is about a takeover of Canada's sovereignty and identity."
amasad
amasad @amasad
Retweeted
Elias Reyes Elias Reyes
I just launched Built on Replit—a daily home for projects made on Replit.
Discover fresh launches, upvote projects, save favorites, comment with other makers, and submit your own.
Posting, voting, and replies require a Replit login—keeping it a real maker community.
https://builtonreplit.com
petergyang
petergyang @petergyang
If you care about your privacy:

1. Go to http://myaccounts.google.com in Chrome
2. Run this prompt in Codex or Claude Code and tell it there's an open tab in your browser
3. Then pick the ones you want to remove and tell AI to do it

Just disconnected half the apps that should no longer have my Google info.
rauchg
rauchg @rauchg
AI can do many wonderful things and grant many wishes, but we have only one earth, one California, one Patagonia, one Mendoza. USA and Argentina are two of the freest countries that also happen to have the most glorious land and geography. I'm very long 🇺🇸🇦🇷. We're so early.
amasad
amasad @amasad
A week has 7 days

That means 7 ships

Raouf Chebri: The team has been busy lately. This is what shipped on Replit this week:
- Free Mode
- Conversations
- Routines
- Steer conversations
- Import Skills from GitHub
- Control models across Workspaces
- Black-box pen tests

ylecun
ylecun @ylecun
Retweeted
Kenneth Roth Kenneth Roth
Desperate to salvage Republican prospects for the midterms, Trump's Postal Service publishes plans to suppress voting by mail if the Supreme Court allows it. Republicans evidently think they can win an election only by blocking voters. 
https://trib.al/g0pT9NP
ylecun
ylecun @ylecun
Retweeted
Kenneth Roth Kenneth Roth
Republicans are good for the economy? Trump has "led" America to $40 trillion in debt, 6.7% mortgages, and $5 per gallon of diesel fuel. But Trump is a LOT richer, so he is happy. https://trib.al/WqA3aV8
petergyang
petergyang @petergyang
Retweeted
Peter Yang Peter Yang
“The fundamentals for [AI evals] still apply. Start by looking at real data. What has changed is getting agents to help you look at it in a thoughtful way.”
Here’s my new episode with @sh_reya and @HamelHusain, who have taught AI evals to 4,500+ engineers and PMs.
I asked them to audit the evals I built for my creator skills live. They then demoed a free skill that you can use in Claude Code or Codex to build reusable evals from your feedback.
Some quotes from Shreya and Hamel:
“Bottom-up evals come from looking at lots of sample outputs and turning that into eval criteria. AI is very bad at coming up with them. That’s all you.”
“The agent’s job is not to invent new feedback. But it can help you group and distill the feedback into actionable rubric criteria.”
“All your competitors can point Claude at their product and say, ‘Find all the errors.’ What matters is how much taste you can infuse beyond that.”
📌 Watch now: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=bdMHQLvtVaQ
Thanks to our sponsors:
@WisprFlow: 4x faster than typing with your voice https://ref.wisprflow.ai/peteryang
@linear: The AI agent platform for modern teams https://linear.app/behind-the-craft
ylecun
ylecun @ylecun
Retweeted
Gavin Baker Gavin Baker
More data than open-source AI is taking share from OpenAI and Anthropic. Open source has gone from 28% token share to 62% token share @vercel over the last 2 months. Chart from @rauchg
Super impressive given that the sum of OpenAI and Anthropic accelerated in July. So net token/AI infra demand accelerated even more than the acceleration we saw at the frontier. And suspect Grok growing even faster than open-source and we saw some of this in the @tryramp data.
Open-source AI taking share is positive for AI infrastructure demand as it lowers margins at the model layer and an open-source token costs just as much compute to produce as a frontier token. Nothing about open-source AI inference is “free.”
Most likely end state IMO is that closed, frontier tokens are 60-90% of economic value but only 15 to 25% of tokens.
ylecun
ylecun @ylecun
Retweeted
Richard Hanania Richard Hanania
In a poll of 25 different countries, Americans are the most anti-AI.
The most pro-AI countries are South Korea, India, Israel, and Nigeria.
What happened to us? We used to believe in ourselves and the future.
Now we're a nation of pessimists and cowards.
ylecun
ylecun @ylecun
Retweeted
Jitendra MALIK Jitendra MALIK
Scientific terms should have precision. If we use the terms VLM, VLA, WAM in an indiscriminate fashion, as is becoming common in robotics, we are not helping clarity in communication. Let's keep the historical origins of these terms in mind. VLMs arose as multimodal extensions of LLMs-the training was for tasks like VQA (VIsual Question Answering). These capture the static semantics of the scene behind an image. No dynamics. World Models (e.g. @ylecun , Ha & Schmidhuber 2018) on the other hand are primarily dynamics models, which go back to control theory -1960 (Bellman, Kalman etc.) This makes them natural for robotics planning / policies- I am in a state s, what action a should I perform to get to state s'. In classical control, these models were written down a priori by modeling the physics of the system; today we think of them as learned neural networks trained from temporal data e.g. video, robot trajectories. But the concept is the same. We shouldn't mix this concept with VLMs.
rauchg
rauchg @rauchg
Our philosophy on extending 𝚏𝚡: open protocols.
∙ MCP (modelcontextprotocol⁠.io)
∙ Skills (agentskills⁠.io)
∙ Plugins (agent-plugins⁠.org)

And the best one, Unix:

① Small programs that do one thing well and compose by calling other programs.

② 𝚕𝚒𝚋𝚏𝚡 that enables embeddability into more complex programs. You should be able to build your own CLI, background agent, software factory. Local or cloud.
petergyang
petergyang @petergyang
There are two types of AI evals - tops down and bottoms up.

From @sh_reya:

“Think of top-down as: If you’re in a vacuum, just given the task description, what would you come up with? Claude does a very good job of helping you with these top-down evals.

Bottom-up evals are the other half. When you look at lots and lots of sample outputs, what is your gut feedback that you want externalized into evals? “Claude is very, very bad at coming up with bottom-up evals. That’s all you.”

📌 Watch the full episode here: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=bdMHQLvtVaQ


Peter Yang: “The fundamentals for [AI evals] still apply. Start by looking at real data. What has changed is getting agents to help you look at it in a thoughtful way.”

Here’s my new episode with @sh_reya and @HamelHusain, who have taught AI evals to 4,500+ engineers and PMs.

I asked them

petergyang
petergyang @petergyang
Retweeted
Peter Yang Peter Yang
There are two types of AI evals - tops down and bottoms up.
From @sh_reya:
“Think of top-down as: If you’re in a vacuum, just given the task description, what would you come up with? Claude does a very good job of helping you with these top-down evals.
Bottom-up evals are the other half. When you look at lots and lots of sample outputs, what is your gut feedback that you want externalized into evals? “Claude is very, very bad at coming up with bottom-up evals. That’s all you.”
📌 Watch the full episode here: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=bdMHQLvtVaQ
Peter Yang: “The fundamentals for [AI evals] still apply. Start by looking at real data. What has changed is getting agents to help you look at it in a thoughtful way.”
Here’s my new episode with @sh_reya and @HamelHusain, who have taught AI evals to 4,500+ engineers and PMs.
I asked them
ylecun
ylecun @ylecun
Retweeted
Yann LeCun Yann LeCun
Re @firesidealpha Sudden Clarity Sam realizing that real-world dynamics equations have inertia and friction terms.
(Particularly when they concern large systems like human societies).
If only the singularitarians, AI doomers, AGI-is-near crowd, and other SV cultists could realize that....
ylecun
ylecun @ylecun
Retweeted
Yann LeCun Yann LeCun
Re I would try to figure out why LLMs can write my essays but not clean my bedroom.
Then I would study topics in college and grad school that could help solve that problem.
I'll figure out a set of methods and architectures beyond LLMs that can quickly learn to perform physical tasks as efficiently as humans and animals.
That last item is also what I would if I were 30, 40, 50, or 66 years old 😉
garrytan
garrytan @garrytan
Retweeted
Vivian Midha Shen Vivian Midha Shen
things that make me happy:
1. YC founders helping other founders unpack their shipping containers
2. materials science labs getting set up in SF
garrytan
garrytan @garrytan
Retweeted
dnap dnap
Sam Altman didn’t ask Paul Graham for advice before launching ChatGPT because he knew exactly what he would say
"This is like a meme for many YC founders, where you would go see him for office hours and he would say, ‘you know what you should do?’ And he would shake his finger.”
“And sometimes the thing that came after that was great. Sometimes the thing that came after that was terrible.”
“But the important thing was there is a creativity and open landscape and just, let's try a lot of things."
“He really pushed the startup ecosystem into this world of, you got to ship a V1 you're embarrassed of early. And it doesn't matter if it could be much better. You'll get it much, much better because of the feedback to customers."
“I don't even think I asked him before we launched ChatGPT, like, ‘hey, do you think we should launch this thing?’ But I knew what he would say. I knew it was still early. I knew it was still embarrassing. And I knew the right thing was to get it out and get it in front of people."
garrytan
garrytan @garrytan
Retweeted
Sheel Mohnot Sheel Mohnot
San Francisco did more than defunding police, they did the SF thing… created more bureaucracy to “reimagine” policing
...and then put a convicted felon at the helm of the Sheriff’s oversight board, and then made the board extremely hard to fire.
In 2020, Chesa Boudin, Dean Preston and gang pushed for a new Sheriff’s Oversight Board to “give voice to those impacted,” provide “accountability,” and join the “national movement for justice reform.”
They put convicted felon William Palmer as president, for his “lived experience.” He had served 31 years in prison.
Since joining the board, Palmer has been accused of violence by multiple women, including a rape charge. Now a 26 y/o woman says he gave her meth and pressured her into sex while she stayed at his apartment, where she overdosed on fentanyl. Palmer says he was acting as her “life coach.”
Everyone agrees Palmer should not be running this board, but because of how SF designed it, removing him is extraordinarily difficult. Commissioners like Palmer are protected by a process requiring formal misconduct charges, an Ethics Commission proceeding and a supermajority of the Board of Supervisors.
We should have passed Prop D in 2024, which would have removed this entire commission from the Charter along with many others, but it would have given more power to the mayor and I think people were reluctant, given Mayor Breed's administration.
We have a chance to fix this a little bit: vote YES on A and F this November.
Prop A is the commission-cleanup measure: it cuts the number of Charter commissions, eliminates or merges some, and moves others out of the Charter so they can be changed or abolished without another citywide election.
Prop F fixes the problem illustrated by Palmer: most commissioners would serve at the pleasure of whoever appointed them, so the Board could simply remove its own appointees without this ridiculous misconduct process.
Ajit Pai: Quite a report: the President of the San Francisco Sheriff’s Department Oversight Board:
— drove to a public plaza and picked up a troubled woman with a “history of involuntary psychiatric holds,” gave her drugs, and slept with her, later claiming he was her “life coach” and was
petergyang
petergyang @petergyang
I've been working with Char, my (human!) assistant from @oceanstalent for 6 months.

I think the best assistants today need to know how to work with AI agents.

Char uses Claude Code and Codex to help me run podcast post-production, draft show notes, and make clips. He's made copies of my AI skills and tailored them for his own workflows over time.

If you want to hire vetted, AI-fluent operators who can help you run your business, check out Oceans at https://www.oceanstalent.com/peter

#sponsored
petergyang
petergyang @petergyang
Retweeted
Peter Yang Peter Yang
I've been working with Char, my (human!) assistant from @oceanstalent for 6 months.
I think the best assistants today need to know how to work with AI agents.
Char uses Claude Code and Codex to help me run podcast post-production, draft show notes, and make clips. He's made copies of my AI skills and tailored them for his own workflows over time.
If you want to hire vetted, AI-fluent operators who can help you run your business, check out Oceans at https://www.oceanstalent.com/peter
#sponsored
ylecun
ylecun @ylecun
Retweeted
Neil Stone Neil Stone
Gardasil HPV vaccine prevents cancer and is on the way to eliminating cervical cancer in many countries
RFK Jr said it causes cancer
Even by his desperately low standards, this is an absolutely whopping piece of bullshit
drfeifei
drfeifei @drfeifei
On this random Sunday afternoon, I just noticed that I have 1M followers on X now. Feels like a big responsibility 🤔❤️
ylecun
ylecun @ylecun
Retweeted
Subbarao Kambhampati (కంభంపాటి సుబ్బారావు) Subbarao Kambhampati (కంభంపాటి సుబ్బారావు)
The Parable of the Neuro-Symbolic Drowning Man #SundayHarangue
In this well known parable, a deeply symbolic man, beset by the rising flood of activations caused by deep learning, goes up his roof and prays for help from his Neuro-Symbolic God.
When he eventually drowns in the activations and goes to the gates of AGI, he sharply upbraids his God for not saving him from the tide of deep learning.
God looks at him exasperatedly, and says,
*I sent you the LLM rescue boat that sailed over the activations with a symbolic (linguistic) I/O powered by the civilizational symbolic knowledge.
You looked away saying you are waiting for neuro-symbolic help.
*I then sent you a Verifiers/Harness helicopter rescue, that leveraged procedural symbolic civilizational knowledge in a "Generate-Test" fashion to further fortify the LLM boat.
You ignored that too, saying you will surely get neuro-symbolic help.
What the heck more were you waiting for exactly, my foolish child? 🤦‍♀️
ylecun
ylecun @ylecun
Retweeted
The Economist The Economist
Anthony Fauci made mistakes. But his diary reveals a conscientious public servant trying to save as many lives as he could during the pandemic. His recent summons before a Senate committee was surely intended to humiliate him. It should embarrass America https://www.economist.com/united-states/2026/08/20/the-real-covid-19-scandal-is-still-unfolding?taid=6a8b80224e52a90001fb8da8&utm_campaign=trueanthem&utm_medium=social&utm_source=twitter
rauchg
rauchg @rauchg
Intelligence is getting cheaper.

@OpenAI Sol's price reductions & discounts on Vercel AI Gateway have made Sol our fastest-growing frontier model.

This shows ① that the demand for intelligence is highly elastic: as inference costs fall, usage grows rapidly.

② If you're not using a gateway, you're missing out on this incredible price volatility, which lowers your operating costs and increases your margins.

It's no wonder the router space has heated up… gateways are inevitable.

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